The Archbishops of Canterbury and York, the Bishops of London, Durham, and Winchester, as well as individual bishops of the Church of England, make up the Lords Spiritual. Life Peers, the Earl Marshal, Lord Great Chamberlain, and Hereditary Peers make up the Lords Temporal.
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How many spiritual Lords are there?
The five most senior prelates make up the 26 Lords Spiritual now (out of a total of 720 Lords) (the Archbishops of Canterbury and York and the Bishops of London, Durham and Winchester). The other 21 Lords Spiritual are the Church of England's longest-serving bishops. A Lord Spiritual can only serve for as long as he is in office. The Lords Spiritual are all men because the Church of England has yet to consecrate any female bishops.
What is the importance of the Lords Temporal and Lords Spiritual?
Members of the House of Lords who are neither Lords Spiritual, who hold an ecclesiastical post, nor Law Lords, who hold top judicial positions, are referred to as Lords Temporal.
What are the different types of Lords?
The title “lord” is used to refer to members of the peerage in general. In the United Kingdom, there are five ranks of peer: duke, marquess, earl, viscount, and baron, in that order. Barons, who are rarely addressed by their formal and legal title of “Baron,” prefer to be addressed as “Lord.” “The Lord (X)” is the most formal manner; for example, Alfred Tennyson, 1st Baron Tennyson, can be referred to as “The Lord Tennyson,” however “Lord Tennyson” is the most usual appellation. Lord is a popular address for marquesses, earls, and viscounts. Dukes are addressed as “The Duke of (X)” rather than “Lord (X).” Instead of “My Lord,” Dukes are addressed as “Your Grace.” Members of the lowest degree of the peerage in Scotland have the substantive title “Lord of Parliament” rather than “Baron.”
In the manner “Lord (first name) (surname),” “Lord” is often used as a courtesy title for younger sons of a British prince, duke, or marquess. A peer's eldest son is eligible to use one of his father's secondary titles (if any). Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, for example, had the title of Earl of St Andrews, which his elder son, George Windsor, Earl of St Andrews, uses, and his younger son, Lord Nicholas Windsor, uses. If the father does not have a subsidiary title, the older son will be given the courtesy title of “Lord (last name),” as the Earl of Devon is. The holder of these forms of address is not a member of the peerage and is not permitted to use the definite article “The” as part of the title because they are purely courtesy titles.
What is the difference between Lords Temporal and Lords Spiritual?
The Archbishops of Canterbury and York, the Bishops of London, Durham, and Winchester, as well as individual bishops of the Church of England, make up the Lords Spiritual. Life Peers, the Earl Marshal, Lord Great Chamberlain, and Hereditary Peers elected under the Standing Orders make up the Lords Temporal.
How are spiritual peers appointed?
The peerage, which is made up of Lords Spiritual and Lords Temporal, elects members to the House of Lords. The majority of Lords Temporal are life peers who are appointed by the monarch on the advice of the Prime Minister or the House of Lords Appointments Commission, however hereditary peers are also included.