Type 2 diabetes affects approximately 25.8 million people in the United States, or 8.3 percent of the population. 1 Non-Hispanic Blacks aged 20 and up account for 4.9 million (18.7%) of the total. 1 Complications of type 2 diabetes, such as cerebrovascular illness, renal failure, and amputations, are substantially more common among African Americans than in non-Hispanic Whites.1
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With proper diabetic self-care, these problems can be decreased or avoided. Diabetes therapy relies heavily on self-care knowledge, skills, and activities. The intricacy of sustaining and managing daily self-care activities, such as exercise, food change, and medication adherence, makes diabetic self-care difficult. The American Association of Diabetes Educators2 lists seven diabetes self-care behaviors: being active (physical activity and exercise); eating healthy (diet composition and caloric content); taking medications; monitoring (e.g., blood glucose, weight, blood pressure); problem solving, particularly for blood glucose (high and low levels, sick days); reducing risks (to reduce diabetes complications; smoking cessation); and healthy coping (psychosocial adaptation). These behaviors have been recognized as measurable results of effective diabetes education and should be practiced at both the individual and population level to accomplish the targeted outcomes of diabetes complications prevention and physical and psychological well-being.
Spiritual and religious beliefs and activities can either help people cope with a chronic illness by providing support, confidence, and hope, or they might obstruct successful coping by causing them to ignore self-care activities in favor of prayer and/or meditation.
3 While there is evidence of a link between spirituality and hypertension self-management4, few research have looked at the impact of spirituality on diabetes self-management.
5 As a result, less is known about how spiritual beliefs and practices, as well as social support, influence diabetic self-care among African American adults. 6 Spirituality is an important source of emotional support; God is perceived as central in providing strength to deal with daily challenges; God is frequently called upon for help in controlling diabetes; and a strong belief in God, prayer, meditation, and support from church members were all sources of support in previous studies concerning spirituality, religion, and diabetes in African Americans. 3, 5, and 8 Religion and spirituality were linked to better glycemic control in Black women with type 2 diabetes in one study,9 while religion and spirituality were linked to a lower likelihood of lifelong smoking among African Americans in another. 10
Because of the foregoing findings and a gap in the literature, we decided to look into the possibilities of incorporating spiritual and religious views into diabetic self-management. Spiritual views encompass a connection to a higher being as well as an existential outlook on life, death, and the nature of reality. 11 Religious practices/rituals such as prayer or meditation, as well as interaction with religious community members, are examples of religious beliefs. While spiritual and religious views have a lot in common, the authors decided to look into both of them because they are commonly brought up when dealing with disease. It's also necessary to look into both of these concepts because some people consider themselves spiritual but don't necessarily believe in religion. While religious beliefs and practices are more easily measured, the authors intended to look at the larger context of people's belief systems, specifically their perspectives on life's meaning, disease, and existential concerns. 13 The Systems of Belief Inventory (SBI) was chosen to measure these constructs due to the requirement to examine both spiritual and religious beliefs and practices in the process of coping with an illness.
The researchers wanted to see if there was a link between (a) spiritual and religious beliefs and practices and social support, and (b) diabetic self-care activities in African Americans with type 2 diabetes. Because African Americans have numerous diabetes inequities, this is an essential topic (i.e., highest rates of diabetes, diabetes complications, and diabetes-related mortality rates). 14
Because little is known about how spiritual and religious beliefs and practices affect diabetes self-care in African American adults, this study looked at the relationship between spirituality, religion, and diabetes self-care activities in this population, such as diet, physical activity, blood glucose self-testing, and foot care behaviors. Because some evidence suggests a link between spirituality and religion and lifetime smoking in African Americans10, a negative link between spirituality and religion and smoking was hypothesized. It was expected, in particular, that those who scored higher on spiritual and religious beliefs and practices, as well as social support, would engage in more diabetes self-care activities and smoke less.
How do I know my spiritual beliefs?
While spirituality is a personal matter, looking at what other people believe is a good place to start. You may uncover something that you feel is right for you by learning what others believe. There's no need to recreate the wheel if you can find something that works for you already. Here are several methods for determining what others believe.
- Discover the different types of organized religions. Learn about their religious beliefs, rituals, and practices. Check to see if any of the religions align with your current beliefs.
- Do some online research. Look for local churches in your neighborhood and learn about what they have to offer and their beliefs.
- Read spirituality-related books. Investigate the authors' viewpoints and take note of anything that appears to be relevant to you.
- Read sacred scriptures from different religions. If something appears to be correct, investigate it further.
- Inquire about the beliefs of your friends and relatives. Tell them you're looking for spiritual guidance and ask if they have any suggestions. Be willing to engage in spiritual debates.
- Consult with religious authorities in your area. Inquire if they have any suggestions for discovering your spirituality.
- Each week, try attending a service at a different church. Find out what you enjoy and what you despise. Examine whether you're drawn to any certain service or concept.
- Take a religion or spirituality class. Learning more about what's available will assist you in deciding which path to choose.
- Many television programs and documentaries about spirituality and other religions are available to help you understand more about other people's beliefs.
What is religious and spiritual beliefs?
Religion is a collection of organized ideas and behaviors that are usually shared by a community or group of people. Spirituality is more of an individual discipline that involves feeling at ease and having a sense of purpose. It also has to do with the process of forming views about the meaning of life and one's relationship to others.
What is the true meaning of spirituality?
Spirituality is defined as the awareness of a feeling, sense, or belief that there is something more to being human than sensory experience, and that the greater total of which we are a part is cosmic or divine in nature. True spirituality necessitates the opening of one's heart.
Why are spiritual beliefs important?
Spiritual patients can use their beliefs to cope with illness, discomfort, and other difficulties. Spiritual people, according to certain studies, have a more optimistic outlook and a higher quality of life. Patients with advanced cancer, for example, who found consolation in their religious and spiritual beliefs were happier, had less discomfort, and were more happy with their lives (11). Spirituality is an important component of the “existential domain,” which is reflected in quality-of-life ratings. Positive reports on those measuresa meaningful personal existence, achievement of life goals, and a sense that life had been worthwhile up to that pointwere linked to a high quality of life in patients with advanced disease (12).
Some research have looked into the role of spirituality in pain management. According to one study, spiritual well-being is linked to the ability to appreciate life even when suffering from symptoms such as pain. This shows that spirituality could be a useful therapeutic target (13). Personal prayer was the most widely utilized nondrug mode of pain treatment, according to the results of a pain questionnaire provided by the American Pain Society to hospitalized patients: 76 percent of the patients employed it (14). Prayer was utilized more frequently than intravenous pain medicine (66 percent), pain injections (62 percent), relaxation (33 percent), touch (19 percent), and massage as a form of pain management in this study (9 percent ). While pain medication is necessary and should be utilized, it is also worthwhile to examine other options for pain relief.
Spiritual beliefs can aid people in coping with illness and death. Spiritual beliefs were identified by 93 percent of the 108 women when asked what helped them cope with their gynecologic cancer. Furthermore, 75% of these patients indicated religion played a big role in their life, and 49% said they had become more spiritual as a result of their diagnosis (15). Those who were spiritually active among 90 HIV-positive individuals reported less dread of death and guilt (16). People were asked in a random Gallup poll what concerns they would have if they were dying. Finding companionship and spiritual comfort were their top concerns, which they prioritized over advance directives, economic/financial worries, and societal considerations. Those polled mentioned a number of spiritual reassurances as sources of consolation. The most prevalent spiritual reassurances mentioned were that they would be in God's or a higher power's loving presence, that death would be a passage rather than an end, and that they would continue on through their children and grandchildren (17).
One of life's greatest stresses is bereavement. One year after their kid died of cancer, 80 percent of 145 parents found consolation in their religious views, according to a study of 145 parents. Those parents' physiologic and emotional adjustments were better. In addition, 40 percent of those parents said their religious commitment had grown stronger in the year leading up to their child's death (18).
These results are unsurprising. When people are confronted with a significant sickness or loss, they commonly turn to spiritual principles to help them cope with or comprehend their illness or loss, as we hear in focus groups, patient papers, and experiences.
What are the 3 elements of spirituality?
In their eternal wisdom, all shamans, healers, sages, and wisdom keepers of all centuries, continents, and peoples claim that human spirituality is made up of three aspects: connections, values, and life purpose. These three components are so strongly linked that it may be difficult to tell them apart. Take a minute to ponder on each facet of human spirituality to determine the state of your spiritual well-being if this is possible. This will be a three-part monthly series, starting with relationships.
Internal (your domestic policy)how you deal with yourself, how you nurture the relationship with yourself and your higher selfand external (your foreign policy)how you relate, support, and interact with those people (and all living entities) in your environmentare the two categories of relationships.
What criteria would you use to assess your internal relationship, and what steps could you take to improve it?
How would you assess your external relationships, shifting from the perspective of domestic policy to international policy?
Is spiritual a religion?
Spirituality is a topic that is frequently discussed, but it is frequently misinterpreted. Many individuals confuse spirituality and religion, and as a result, they bring their religious ideas and prejudices into debates about spirituality. Although spiritualism is emphasized in many religions, you can be “spiritual” without being religious or a member of an organized religion.
What is the spiritual person?
Being spiritual entails prioritizing self- and other-love as a top priority. Spiritual individuals are concerned about people, animals, and the environment. Many people who are incredibly spiritual are not religious, do not meditate, pray, or belong to any group.